Before everyone flies off the handle and blames the breed associations for sticking their head in the sand, please remember they have to have absolute proof before they do anything. I personally know of 2 instances where breed associations made decisions such as pulling papers, disqualifying an animal from a show, etc., where they ended up getting sued for a lot of money, and lost. One occurence cost an entire junior board big time dollars. Individually. It cost these kids a lot of money even after it was proven the calf in question was not a purebred. As for the TH issue, the Association just couldn't say such and such a bull threw deformed calves without indisputible evidence. The breeder of the animal with a misrepresented pedigree usually knows it. The breeder that has deformed calves usually knows about it. It is their responsiblity, not the association's, to do things right. Unfortunately, not everybody plays fair. Then, the association can step in when, and only when, they have absolute proof.